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Any type
C++17 added the std::any
type to the standard library. It is designed to hold variables of any type and provides methods for type-safe inspection and access.
Exercise
Refactor the following code to use std::any.
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#include <typeindex>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include <iostream>
struct element
{
void* elem;
std::type_index type;
};
int main()
{
std::vector<element> vec_of_any;
vec_of_any.emplace_back(element{new int(1), std::type_index(typeid(int))});
vec_of_any.emplace_back(element{new double(2.0), std::type_index(typeid(double))});
vec_of_any.emplace_back(element{new std::vector<int>(2, 5), std::type_index(typeid(std::vector<int>))});
vec_of_any.emplace_back(element{new std::string("Hello"), std::type_index(typeid(std::string))});
for (const auto& elem : vec_of_any)
{
if (elem.type == std::type_index(typeid(int))) {
std::cout << *(static_cast<int*>(elem.elem)) << std::endl;
}
if (elem.type == std::type_index(typeid(double))) {
std::cout << *(static_cast<double*>(elem.elem)) << std::endl;
}
if (elem.type == std::type_index(typeid(std::vector<int>))) {
const auto vec = static_cast<std::vector<int>*>(elem.elem);
std::cout << "[";
for(auto i = 0; i < vec->size(); ++i) {
std::cout << vec->at(i);
if (i < (vec->size()-1)) {
std:: cout << ", ";
}
}
std::cout << "]\n";
}
if (elem.type == std::type_index(typeid(std::string))) {
std::cout << *(static_cast<std::string*>(elem.elem)) << std::endl;
}
}
}
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